Probability is a measure of the certainty associated with a future event or event and is usually expressed as a number between 0 and 1 (or between 0% and 100%). A traditional way of estimating some probabilities would be to obtain the frequency of a given event by performing randomized experiments, of which all possible results are known, under sufficiently stable conditions. An event can be unlikely (with probability close to zero), probable (intermediate probability) or safe (with probability one).
Probability theory is widely used in areas such as statistics, physics, mathematics, science, administration, accounting, economics and philosophy to draw conclusions about the discrete probability of potential events and the discrete underlying mechanics of complex systems , therefore it is the branch of mathematics that studies, measures or determines random experiments or phenomena. The theory of probability is a mathematical tool that establishes a set of rules or principles useful to calculate the occurrence or non-occurrence of random phenomena and stochastic processes.
In other words, the theory of probability is composed of all the knowledge related to the concept of probability. It is a concept, in essence, mathematical. Likewise, probability as a branch of mathematics constitutes an instrument for statistics.
It should be noted that probability and statistics are not the same thing. They are two related but different concepts.
We can specify that the concept of probability is a set of techniques that allow us to assign a number to the possibility of an event occurring.
Thus, in the case of a coin, we know that by throwing it on a board the result can be heads or tails. Assuming that the coin and the board are perfect and that the launch conditions do not change, the probability must be 50% front and 50% cross.
Here I leave the link of a game for children:
http://www3.gobiernodecanarias.org/medusa/agrega/visualizar/es/es-ic_2010051013_9135453/false#
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